One of the two major
legal systems of the modern Western world (the other is
civil law), it originated in the UK and is now followed in most English speaking
countries. Initially,
common law was
founded on common sense as reflected in the social
customs. Over the centuries, it was supplanted by
statute law (
rulesenacted by a legislative body such as a Parliament) and clarified by the
judgments of the higher
courts (that set a
precedent for all courts to follow in similar
cases). These
precedents are recognized, affirmed, and enforced by subsequent
court decisions, thus continually expanding the common law. In contrast to civil law (which is based on a rigid
code of rules), common law is based on broad
principles. And whereas every ...